Communicating the Truth about Smoking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Communicating the Truth about Smoking - Essay Example To this end, a pile of body bags are used to represent a number of people who die daily in the United States. In addition to that, the A.L.F, have used dolls with writings on them that educate people about the dangers of smoking. Furthermore, they have created printed advertisements educating teens about smoking. The second step pertains to the medium of transmission. In effect, the ALF has used several medium of transmission to convey their message. This evident in the visual medium that depicts the advertisement of body bags representing a number of deaths. It was a part of innovative television campaign. Moreover, the ALF used written channels through printed advertisements for sensitizing the teens on smoking. In addition to that, they used audio channel by sponsoring a radio show by the name truth-fm. The third step involved the decoding process. To this end, the receiver translates the message to make sense. This step of communication occurred when the teens understood the adverts. Moreover, the high school girl, Katie confessed that smoking appeared to be reserved for adults and was forbidden among teens. The last step of the communication process was related to feedback. Evidently, it is the response from the receiver to the sender. Consequently, it occurred in the process of teaching teens about smoking. Evidently, the A.L.F Chief Executive Officer testified that after one year of the campaign, 75 percent of the teens were in a capacity to accurately describe at least one of the adverts. Moreover, 90 percent of the teens said the adverts were convincing. Therefore, through this feedback it was evident that the teens responded well to the campaign against smoking. against smoking. 2. Show how ALF is using oral, written, electronic, and nonverbal communication The ALF has used several media to convey their message. This was through oral, written, non-verbal communication and electronics. Foremost, they have used television and radio as a form of electronics media. This was whereby they sponsored a hip-hop radio show known as truth- fm. Moreover, electronic media were evident in the production of television commercials that showed dozens of crawling baby dolls with a message on their shirts. In addition to that, ALF reached teens through the internet website that attracts over 8000 people daily. As non-verbal media, the ALF used body bags to show the number of daily deaths that occurred in the United States. Moreover, written media were evident when ALF printed adverts for publications meant for teens. In addition to that, they used oral communication by conducting grassroots activities whereby the youths orally convinced peer youths about the d angers of smoking. Furthermore, they organized concerts which were attended by millions of people. 3. In your opinion, why is ALF successful when other organizations sending the same basic message are not? Is there anything ALF could do to increase its effectiveness? The ALF has been successful because of how they innovatively packaged their message in a manner that the teens could associate with it. Moreover, the teens felt like the truth campaign was in sync with their emotional feelings. Evidently, they saw it as a reason to rebel against authority as a way to assert their independence. However, it is

Literary criticism of article on The Ehics of Genetic Engineering Essay

Literary criticism of article on The Ehics of Genetic Engineering - Essay Example In fact, people have more to fear from the restriction of this technology in the sense that giving up on its benefits, in favor of outdated moral arguments, could lead to more harm than good. Although Koepsell prescribes regulation in order to control potential abuses of this technology, he does not provide a political or scientific framework for managing the risks associated with genetic engineering and gives a rather cursory look at the moral arguments against new technologies. With these weaknesses in mind, one should nonetheless take Koepsell’s warnings seriously, as they are not only applicable to genetic engineering but a wide variety of novel fields in the application of scientific research. The author begins by giving the basic science behind genetic engineering, which includes basic information about DNA, genes, and genetic disorders. He also approaches the issue of ethical challenges, including the secular and non-secular objections to genetic engineering. Secular ar guments tend to focus on dignity at the species level. However, this objection fails in that there is no room for non-arbitrary distinctions between human DNA and the DNA of other species. Consistency in this case requires hands-off for both human DNA and that of crops. The non-secular arguments tend to focus on genetic engineering as something opposed to â€Å"nature†. ... This cost/benefit analysis is presumed to have moral significance because it focuses specifically on things that human beings value most. If genetic engineering is beneficial to all of these different areas of human life, then it necessarily must be good. Koepsell devotes some attention to drawbacks of the technological advances; however, the only drawback that is addressed is the inherent unpredictability of genetic crossbreeding between engineering and non-engineered genomes. This is exemplified both in human populations, where gene therapies can have potentially harmful effects on populations, and in agriculture, where the spread of genes is more uncontrollable and less conscious. However, Koepsell’s section on drawbacks is not as positive as one might hope: it is interspersed with language like â€Å"will improve,† â€Å"scientific breakthrough,† and â€Å"testing should be employed† (Koepsell 13-15). One can tell immediately that this section on drawb acks is not a value-neutral account of the actual dangers of the technology, but is rather fodder for the author’s arguments for more research. Appropriately, this section leads into considerations of â€Å"justice† and â€Å"equity,† which are two primary ethical concerns of scientific research. The author considers straw-man situations such as those found in science fiction to dispute the theory of a genetically-derived underclass, and begins to acknowledge the difficulty of trusting policymakers to provide â€Å"rational oversight and regulation of germline modifications in humans† (18). The purpose of regulation, the author contends, is to provide a just and equitable distribution of benefits to a society. Accordingly, instead of having only the rich able